求索患者寻医问诊的最优解******
【新春走基层】
光明日报记者 张锐 夏静 光明日报通讯员 杜巍巍
“目前，疫情防控进入新阶段，仍是吃劲的时候，大家都在努力，曙光就在前头。”连日来，每天只休息五六个小时的武汉大学人民医院（湖北省人民医院）副院长程帆，劳累着，也被感动着。
程帆介绍，自去年12月以来，医院两个院区发热门诊和急诊科接诊量激增，高峰时期是同期的近10倍，就诊患者大多数为老年人，多合并基础疾病，入院即告病重甚至病危。同时，医院住院病人猛增，在院病人最多时超过6000人，整体病床使用率超过120%。此外，去年12月医护人员绝大部分被感染，医院人手一度严重不足，面临极大的救治压力。
怎样才能让骤增的患者有医生看、有病床住？
武汉大学人民医院统筹全院资源，打造开放床位达5198张的“超级医院”，努力做到“新冠患者应收尽收、急诊患者应接尽接、重症患者应治尽治”。
程帆说，医院打通所有床位，所有病房调整为“综合内科病房”，按照先内科系统再外科系统的收治顺序，“应收尽收”；打通所有收治通道，门急诊、发热门诊患者不以发热进行预检分诊，不查核酸、抗原，“应接尽接”；打通所有专业，全院内科外科打通、中医西医打通，除重症肺部感染患者外，根据患者基础疾病直接收治到相应专科，“应治尽治”；打通全院人员和物资，医护人员“轻伤不下火线”，快速康复后立即返岗，甚至没有完全康复就返岗。
不仅要让患者能看病、能住院，武汉大学人民医院更是想方设法让患者能看好病。
武汉大学人民医院重症医学Ⅱ科主任余追说，因为规范的重症救治病区床位有限，很多病人进不了ICU。而经过亚重症改建的普通病房，在重症专家的指导和协助下，也能有效地收治病人。这段时间，余追的身影总是奔波在重症医学Ⅱ科和他“承包”负责的3个病区，守卫着生命之门。
与此同时，依托24小时接诊的“武大云医”互联网医院，武汉大学人民医院打破时间和空间的束缚，让优质医疗资源惠及更多患者。
“这可能是细菌感染或者真菌感染，要尽快做纤维支气管镜检查、气道分泌物测序。”“病人整个代谢的紊乱一定要纠正，这是肺炎愈合的基本条件。”1月5日上午，武汉大学人民医院呼吸与危重症医学Ⅱ科主任胡克、重症医学Ⅰ科主任詹丽英，在“武大云医”上指导湖北沙洋县人民医院紧急救治当地一位61岁的新冠感染患者。
近半个月来，武汉大学人民医院组建的新冠救治国家和省级专家团队，还“点对点”远程帮扶省内的汉川、咸丰、潜江等地的20多家医院，开展急危重症患者远程会诊100余人次。此外，从2022年12月以来，“武大云医”累计接诊超过6.3万人次，为患者提供网络就诊、送药上门、居家健康管理等服务累计超过232万人次。
武汉大学人民医院党委书记万红慧说，作为传承百年红色基因的“红色医院”，医院始终坚持医心向党、医心为民，坚持“一切为了人民健康”，以高质量党建引领医院高质量发展；持续深化人才培养，加强学科建设，优化运营管理，加快融合创新，竭力让患者少痛苦、少花钱，不懈求索患者寻医问诊的最优解。
《光明日报》（ 2023年01月08日 02版）
中新网评：处理核污水绝不是日本自家私事******
中新网北京1月19日电(蒋鲤)日本政府近日称，将于2023年春夏期间开始向海洋排放经过处理的福岛第一核电站核污水。日本罔顾国内民众及周边国家的屡屡反对，企图将核污水“一倒了之”，把一件关乎全球海洋生态环境和公众健康的事当成了自家私事。
资料图：日本福岛第一核电站。2011年，福岛核电站事故发生后，大量放射性物质泄漏到大气层和太平洋，对周围环境造成了难以逆转的伤害，数十万人被迫撤离该地区。时至今日，作为日本邻国之一的韩国仍未解除福岛海鲜禁令。
日本以核污水存储能力即将达到上限为由，在2021年4月13日，正式决定将福岛第一核电站核污水排入太平洋。过去一年多，日本政府和东京电力公司一直在持续推进核污水排海计划。
日本政府辩称，这些核污水经多核素处理系统(ALPS)处理后很安全，甚至“可以喝”，这样的表态无疑在愚弄大众。
事实上，经过处理的核污水仍含有多种放射性物质，核污水一旦排放入海就无法回收，长期来看，将会给海洋生态带来难以估量的潜在威胁，最终危害人类健康。
因此，核污水排海计划推出后，遭到日本民众强烈反对。日本《朝日新闻》2022年3月公布的问卷调查显示，福岛县、宫城县和岩手县受访的42个市町村长中，约六成反对东京电力公司福岛第一核电站核污水排放入海。日本全国渔业协会联合会也多次申明立场，反对该计划。
日本政府认为，核污水排海是最便宜、最省事的解决方案，但此举却将周边国家乃至全世界置于核污染风险中。太平洋非日本一家之海，核污水会随着洋流流动，其影响势必会跨越国界，危害周边国家乃至整个国际社会的公共福祉和利益。
《韩国经济新闻》发文称，相关研究认为，福岛核污水如果排放入海，约7个月后将到达济州等韩国海域，该国水产业和旅游业将遭受相当大的损失。
德国南极海洋机构也曾发出警告，若日本将所有核污水排入海中，不到半年，整个太平洋都将面临高度辐射威胁，包括远在大洋另一端的美国。太平洋地区人民更是对日本该计划持反对意见。
日本作为《联合国海洋法公约》缔约国，有义务保护海洋环境。然而，在核污水排海方案的正当性、核污水数据的可靠性、净化装置的有效性、环境影响的不确定性等问题上，日本未能作出科学、可信的说明。
国际原子能机构技术工作组虽已三次赴日实地考察评估，但尚未就日排海方案的安全性给出结论，并且对日本提出诸多澄清要求和整改意见。在此情况下，日本仍执意推进核污水排海工程建设，这是极不负责任的行为。
太平洋不是日本的下水道，日本必须正视各方合理关切，在与周边国家等相关利益方和国际原子能机构充分协商后，制定合理的核污水处理方案。日本也要着眼长远，若只顾眼前，执意将核污水排放入海，不仅其自身，周边国家乃至全世界都将为之买单，其后果必将会危害数代人。
Fukushima water disposal by no means Japan’s own business
By John Lee
(ECNS) -- Japan has announced it will release treated wastewater from the wrecked Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant into the Pacific Ocean this year.
Although Fukushima wastewater disposal affects global marine ecological environment protection and public health, Japan has turned a deaf ear to domestic and international opposition to dumping the contaminated water into the sea, treating the "global" matter as its own business.
The Fukushima accident in 2011 had sent large quantities of radiation into the atmosphere and the Pacific Ocean, causing irreversible damage to the surrounding environment, and hundreds of thousands of people were forced to evacuate the area. South Korea still maintains its import ban on Japanese seafood from areas affected by the Fukushima nuclear disaster.
On April 13, 2021, Japan announced it had decided to discharge contaminated radioactive wastewater in Fukushima Prefecture into the sea due to dwindling storage space, with the Japanese government and plant operator Tokyo Electric Power Company Holdings Inc. promoting the release plan over the past year.
The Japanese government argues that the water treated by an advanced liquid processing system, or ALPS, is safe and drinkable, which is undoubtedly fooling the public.
In fact, the treated wastewater still includes a variety of radioactive substances and can’t be recycled once discharged into the sea, which will pose a great threat to marine ecology and ultimately endanger human health in the long run.
Therefore, the discharge plan has been strongly opposed in Japan. According to a questionnaire conducted by The Asahi Shimbun, nearly 60 percent of mayors of 42 municipalities in Iwate, Miyagi and Fukushima prefectures oppose the discharge plan. The National Fisheries Cooperative Federation of Japan has also repeatedly stated its opposition in public.
The Japanese government believes that dumping Fukushima wastewater into the sea is the cheapest and most convenient solution, but neighboring countries and even the whole world will be at risk of nuclear pollution.
The Pacific Ocean doesn’t belong to Japan and the wastewater flow along oceanic currents will surely break boundaries and endanger public welfare and the interests of neighboring countries and even the international community.
The Korea Economic Daily reported that related research concluded that if contaminated water from Fukushima is released into the ocean, it would only take seven months for the contaminated water to reach the shores of Jeju Island, with the country's aquaculture and tourism suffering considerable losses.
According to the calculation of a German marine scientific research institute, radioactive materials will spread to most of the Pacific Ocean within half a year from the date of discharge, and the U.S. and Canada will be affected by nuclear pollution. People in the Pacific region also oppose the discharge plan.
As a participant of the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea, Japan has the obligation of protecting the marine environment.
However, it hasn’t offered a full and convincing explanation on issues like the legitimacy of the discharge plan, the reliability of data on the nuclear-contaminated water, the efficacy of the treatment system or the uncertainty of environmental impact.
Though the IAEA has yet to complete a comprehensive review after three investigations in Japan, the Japanese side has been pushing through the approval process for its discharge plan and even started building facilities for the discharge. It is rather irresponsible for Japan to act against public opinion at home and concerns abroad.
The Pacific Ocean is not a private Japanese sewer. The country must seriously heed the voices of the international community and make a reasonable plan for the Fukushima wastewater disposal after full consultation with stakeholders and international agencies.
If it only seeks instant interest and insists on discharging the contaminated water into the sea, not only itself, but also its neighboring countries and the entire world will pay for the decision and several generations will be forced to bear the consequence.
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